Abstract:Chemical protection is one of the common used methods that protect and reinforce the historic relic being in severe danger,especially for the site composed of soil,stone and brick,etc in open environment.At present,the primary chemistry materials that have been tried for site protection are organic silicon compound and fluorine containing polymers,etc.These organic materials can play a certain role in the protection,but there are various defects.The soil,stone and brick are hydrophilic,and organic protecting materials are hydropholic. The frequent stress change on the interface of hydrophilic hydropholic makes protection layer desquamation.In this work,a multilayer chemical protection method that structured by hydrophilic external layer and hydropholic fundus layer was proposed and tested.Alkoxysilanes and fluoro rubber solution were selected as the external layer material,and polyacrylate and polyethylene glycol as the fundus layer material.From the experiments of decaying cycles that destructive factors such as moisture cycles,salt crystal,frost and fusion were included.It was found that the multilayer protection method obviously reduced the danger of interface breakage.Because there is a transition layer between hydropholic external layer and hydropholic relic materials that dispersed the stress of hydroscopic expantion strain and salt crystallize dilatant near interface.

Abstract:This paper mainly discusses the effect,conventional method and advantage of 3S technology applied in exploration of sites.Because of the difficulty of general investigation,especially,some unidentified small sites in the imagery,the idea of multi resource geo information exploration composite,based on the knowledge of landmark spatial relationship,was put forward.Take Zhe Gao area in Chao Hu as an Example,old Channel information layer and digitized topographic map extracting from remote sensing image in this area is indicated independent of object (including known and suspected sites) layer laminated,according to distribution law in geo graphical information system of summarized known sites and screened out suspected sites.In the end,compare the information of GPS with recent field measured data of Chao Hu cultural relics management department,it was found that extracted suspected sites contained mass screening recorded sites,and also had obtained the best result.

Abstract:Perambulation on the Taihe Palace in the Palace Museum is carried in order to protect and maintain it.During the process,some mechanical problems of its components appear as following:The maximum flexibility of the seeking out beam on the west side of the building reaches 13 cm,which exceeds the limits of the wood design standard of China;The tenon of the face beam of 3 width part of the building goes down 10 cm;The tenon of the side beam of the 3 width part of the building goes down 10 cm but the beam has been supported;The caissons and ceilings in the central part of the building goes down 13 cm and the Jingkou beam on it has splitted.These problems are analysed by techniques of structural mechanics and relative strengthening methods are discussed to solve them.Results of the study show that the reason the flexibility of the seeking out beam is very large is that the wood material grows old and its elastic ratio decreases,but the intensity of the beam still fits the design standard;The reason that the tenon of the side beam goes down is that its strength of bending decreases,but the problem has been solved by additional supporting;The possible reason that the tenon of the face beam goes down is that the wood material grows old and some part of its strength of extension,bending and shearing are insufficient,and steel wood strengthening structure is used to solve the problem;The reason that the caissons and ceilings goes downs is that the wood material grows old and the strength of bending and compression of the Jingkou beam are insufficient,flat steel is utilized to strengthen it.The results of study are favorable for protection and remedy of Chinese ancient buildings.

Abstract:Waterproof materials are widely used in conservation for stone and earth cultural relics.This paper attempted to introduce some popular waterproof materials in the conservation for wooden wares.After the treatment,the properties of samples were tested on the changes of color,contact angle,water absorption by capillary,water absorption in submerged environment,mildew growing text and the influence for next treatment.The experiment indicated that the waterproof materials applied had some effects,especially the WD 10 with high consistency.The wood wares still grew mildew in moist environment for a long time,so it was necessary to apply some antiseptics and anti mildew agents or other conservation materials together.The waterproof materials will not affect the next treatment.

Abstract:Coating silk fabrics with lacquer is a traditional way of fabric processing to make stiff,waterproof,and durable fabrics.Research on aging performance of lacquer coated fabrics will be helpful to the excavation,conservation and display of ancient lacquered silk fabrics.In this paper,alkaline hydrolysis aging performance of lacquer coated silk fabrics were tested and analyzed.Three kinds of samples:silk fabric,silk fabrics coated with lacquer and with lacquer mixed with 15% tung oil,were artificially aged by alkaline hydrolysis and their tensile strength and rate of elongation were measured.In the beginning period of aging,losses of tensile strength and rate of elongation of the 3 kinds of fabrics are almost equally acute.During longer aging time,resistance to alkaline hydrolysis aging of the two kinds of lacquer coated silk fabrics were lower than that of silk fabric,lacquer tung oil fabrics being the lowest.Electron microscope observations showed that many cracks appeared on both two kinds of lacquer films,and many tiny holes emerged on lacquer tung oil films.According to X ray diffraction determination,damaged lacquer films lose their protection on silk and the crystallinity degree of silk decreases significantly.The combination of weaker silks and lower strength fragile lacquer films presents poorer tensile and elongation performance than silk fabric.In conclusion,the two kinds of lacquer coated silk fabrics are both poor in aging resistance,inferior to silk fabrics.Comparatively,pure lacquered silk fabrics are a little better than tung oil lacquered silk fabrics in anti hydrolysis aging.

Abstract:Xiwo Grottoes had to be removed from the cliff in the Qingyao Mountain by the Yellow River,because it would be destroyed by built of Xiaolangdi Reservoir and drowned below 100 meters of water.Basing on the results of the investigation and theoretical calculation for the grottoes and the environment,in order to conserve the grottoes,we had known the value,the engineering data and the conditions inside the rock of the grottoes.Therefore the grottoes had been safely removed to the new place through the rock dividing,reinforcing and setting again.The methods may be used as reference for the conservation of similar cultural relics.

Abstract:Through scientific analysis of the bronze mirror ornamented with gold from a grave of East-Han Dynasty of the Kele ruins in Guizhou Hezhang,wish to obtain some information of make technology and characteristics of corrosion etc.And it discusses a method to analyse the ancient bronze mirror.

Abstract:The condition of sericin in ancient silk is one of the important basis for the selection of conservation treatment.The aim of this research is to understand how the aged silk fiber changed and the applicability of FTIR as an effective instrument for studying the deterioration of silk textile with different content of sericin.The results indicate that there indeed are differences among the spectra of silk fibre with different sericin contents,and silk fiber with different sericin has different characteristic bands in FTIR after light aging and heat aging.The ratio of 1445cm-1/1625cm-1 could be used to distinguish the content of sericin on silk.

Abstract:Song Dynasty was a developing period for coins in Chinese history,and the coins of song dynasty are of great importance in coinage history.By analysis and comparison of coins from North and South Dynasty,alloy compositions and mintage techniques were studies,which gives some information about scientific techniques and social economic forms them.In the mean time the analytical data also provide basis for conservation.X ray photography,XRD,XRF,metallography were used for analyzing 21 coins of North Song and 21 coins of South Song Dynasty.The results show that all these coins are mainly coined with Cu,Sn,Pb.The coin compositions of North Song are more stable and rational,whereas those of South Song are dispersive containing high Pb content.The alloy qualities of South Song coins are not as good as those of North Song and in poorer conservation state.

Abstract:In order to restore and conserve the Ji-robe with motif of confronting figures and beasts excavated from Yingpan 95BYYM No.15 tomb,micro portable cleaner was applied to dedust the robe,while partial smears were dry-cleaned with pure trichloroethylene and cotton swabs,and analysis was made on the structure and patterns of the robe.On such basis,silk material with transverse ribbed weaves which is similar to the robe was used as the backing material, and stitches,particularly back stitch,flat stitch and tacking stitch were applied to restore the robe.Moreover,meaningful experiment was made on the form of display and production of properties,fulfilling an outstanding presentation effect.

Abstract:Under the modern concept guidance,two Han Dynasty bronze—Boshanlu and Fu was restored the.Through the following process,the basic requirements and steps of the modern restoration were introduced.which include records of the status quo,scientific analysis,research production technology,drawing up the restoration plan,cleaning,reinforcing etc.and then,bringing the storage proposal up.In conclusion,modern restored technology is multi disciplinary cooperation.It is developed from the traditional technologies.

Abstract:Basing on the characteristic of transitional metallic hydronium,the inhibition theory over steel and its cooperation action over steel,this paper summarized the domestic and overseas research results of transitional metallic hydronium and organism ;furthermore,basing on the subject about the general protection of metallic cultural relic,the research methods on synergistic inhibition effect of metallic hydronium and organism was discussed.

Abstract:This is a general introduction to archaeometry developments of in China,according to the reports and 89 articles from the 9th National Symposium on Archaeometry in China.The contents include bioarchaeology,agricultural archaeology,dating,ceramics archaeology,archaeometallurgy,provenance of jade and glass,environmental archaeology,remote sensing archaeology,conservation,etc.These articles present the latest results and developments of archaeometry in these years and show the trends as well.