As one of the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage items, the cinnabar and gold lacquer craftsmanship of Ningbo has primarily been transmitted through the living practice of inheritors and relies largely on experimental experience. However, little research has been conducted on the materials and techniques of this craft from the perspective of scientific testing and analysis. In conjunction with the restoration project of the Qing’an Guildhall in Ningbo, this study analyzed representative samples of cinnabar and gold lacquer from the ceiling panels of the main hall using micro-sampling techniques. Various analytical methods, including visible light/UV microscopy, electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS), Raman spectrometry, and pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), were employed. The results revealed that the traditional craft utilized diverse materials and involved a complex production process. Specifically, a mixture of tung oil and raw lacquer was applied at least three times to form the lacquer layers. The silver-mud technique was used, and different types and colors of gold or gold-silver leaf were selectively used for decoration in different areas. Comparative analysis with other intangible cultural heritage crafts further indicated that the wooden base of the ceiling panels was prepared without putty, and traditional mineral pigments and precious materials such as mother-of-pearl were not employed. Instead, Prussian blue, modern synthetic pigments, and gypsum sheets were used. This study not only supplements the documentation of related intangible cultural heritage techniques, but also provides scientific evidence for the treatment of lacquer deterioration and the restoration of cinnabar and gold lacquer craftsmanship of the Qing’an Guildhall.