As an important category of fragile organic cultural heritage, bamboo, wood and lacquer artifacts require effective preventive conservation during exhibition, which represents a core aspect of cultural relic preservation and utilization. This study focuses on the preventive conservation system for exhibited bamboo, wood and lacquer artifacts, as the research objects, reviews relevant domestic and international research progress, and drawing on the practical experience of Hubei Provincial Museum, constructs a standardized and replicable conservation system centered on “environmental regulation, cultural relic conservation and exhibition technologies, and monitoring and evaluation”. The study further clarifies the system’s framework, implementation pathways and future development directions. By analyzing the relationship between the deterioration mechanism of bamboo, wood and lacquer artifacts and environmental factors, the study optimizes key technical parameters across different stages of conservation. This approach achieves comprehensive protection ranging from macro environmental regulation to micro artifact protection, and establishes a closed-loop conservation encompassing “monitoring and early warning→risk judgment→prevention, control and intervention”. Practical application demonstrates that this system can effectively reduce the deterioration rate and associated risks of exhibited bamboo, wood and lacquer artifacts, significantly improving the stability and sustainability of conservation outcomes. The study provides a broadly applicable technical framework and practical reference for the preventive conservation of similar organic cultural relics in various museums throughout China.