The stone carvings in the mausoleums of the Six Dynasties (hereinafter referred to as “Six Dynasties stone carvings”) in the Jiangsu region have been exposed to natural weathering environment for more than one thousand years and have suffered severe deterioration. The Six Dynasties stone carvings are primarily made of limestone, with calcium carbonate as the main component, which makes them highly vulnerable to acid rain corrosion. In addition, their high porosity allows external water and harmful substances—such as acid gas, dust and biological agents—to easily penetrate the stone. Ultrasonic wave velocity testing revealed that most of the Six Dynasties stone carvings exhibited varying degrees of weathering, indicating an urgent need for scientific conservation. A wide variety of surface sealing materials has been developed for the conservation of stone cultural heritage. In this study, artificial aging tests were conducted on limestone samples under simulated natural environmental conditions. During the aging cycle, the samples were periodically tested and analyzed to evaluate their performance and ultimately identify the surface sealing materials with the most effective protective properties.