In terms of conservation and restoration, the silicate material is one of the most important materials for inorganic cultural relics, and also belongs to indispensable materials for ancient buildings and ancient sites, because of its high strength, durability, adaptability, etc. Therefore, it has been widely used for the conservation and restoration of movable cultural relics (such as clay sculpture, pottery, porcelain, iron, bronze, bone, paper, and textile) and immovable ones (such as murals, earthen sites, and ancient masonry buildings). This paper introduces the applications of six common natural, synthetic and composite silicate materials to the conservation and restoration of cultural relics. It also discusses in detail their application technology and specific cases for the conservation and restoration of cultural relics. Finally, it analyzes the effects of implementation of the corresponding conservation and restoration technology, and looks forward to the development prospects of silicate materials for the conservation and restoration of cultural relics.