The utilization of plant resources by the ancestors in the Neolithic Age has always been a hot issue in academic research. Canarium is an important plant resource in Guangxi, but there is a lack of systematic research on Canarium. This paper systematically reviews the Canarium remains found at home and abroad and research methods for them, and further emphasizes the importance of broadening identification methods for Canariumremains research. By combing the Canarium remains and research methods for them, this paper not only helps to understand the utilization of Canarium plants by the ancestors in Guangxi during the Neolithic Age, but also provides important information for interpreting the domestication history and environmental history of Canariumplants in this region.