Based on the rammed earth materials for different types of architecture, such as city walls, high-platform foundations, building foundations and wells, found at Zhengzhou Shang City and Zhengzhou Xiaoshuangqiao sites, a comprehensive analysis was conducted using a series of methods including microscopic observation, Raman spectrometry, determination of loss on ignition and magnetic susceptibility, etc., in combination with the comparison of morphological characteristics. This analysis revealed the mineral composition and physical properties of various types of rammed earth materials of the Shang Dynasty in Zhengzhou area. Furthermore, through the soil micro-morphological analysis to distinguish the microscopic structure and texture of rammed earth, the phenomenon of ramming behavior transforming the native soil environment was recognized, and the human-environment relationship during the construction and utilization of rammed earth was explored.