Tremolite-actinolite jade is an outstanding representative of traditional Chinese culture and its conservation and inheritance are worthy of attention. In this paper, influences of human behavior before jade burial and natural alteration processes after jade burial are organically combined, and disease characteristics and formation mechanisms, restoration and protection strategies of tremolite-actinolite jade are systematically sorted out. The results show that the disease characteristics of unearthed jade artifacts mainly include ten types:four types, including cracking, peeling, breaking and incompleteness, can be caused by human behavior; five types, including surface contamination, surface crusting, holing, powdering and detachment of composite materials, are caused by natural alteration; the phenomenon of discoloration can be caused by human behavior or natural alteration separately or both jointly. Restoration of unearthed jade artifacts should follow the principle of minimal intervention, with restorers doing as little as possible to them. For artifacts suffering from serious holing, powdering or detachment of composite materials, reinforcement is recommended to maintain their basic shapes. Preventive conservation of unearthed jade artifacts requires setting medium to high humidity conditions, avoiding ultraviolet light during exhibition and packaging with non-acidic materials during storage. The purpose of this work is to closely combine conservation and archaeological work, not only for jade conservation, but also for jade archaeology, which in turn contributes to the inheritance of such precious cultural heritage.