This paper is a literature review that traces the development and technical characteristics of the winding machine. The winding machine can be designated as manual and electric according to its transmission mode, and as vertical and the horizontal according to its mechanical structure. Limited by technical conditions, the early winding machine featured complex mechanical structures, low weaving accuracy, heavy weight and inconvenience for carrying, which restricted its use environment. Using the 3D modeling technology to design the winding machine structure and optimizing the configuration of mechanical materials in combination with the principles of mechanical mechanics, this research resulted in an improved winding machine. It has the advantages of simple operation, high weaving accuracy, stable operation and convenient movement and transport, so as to meet the needs of textile cultural relic conservation under complex conditions.