Dust and contamination on the surface of textile relics are common diseases. Dust removal has become a very important part in the conservation and restoration of handed-down textile cultural relics. For a variety of cultural relics, how to remove dust safely, effectively and conveniently has become the direction of our research. This study mainly focuses on the dust removal method for a lake blue satin embroidered lying sheet with a phoenix pattern, which was stored in Ti Shun Tang (Hall of State Satisfaction) of Yang Xin Dian (Hall of Mental Cultivation). Firstly, existing physical dust removal methods for textile cultural relics, including the vacuuming, wiping, vibration, adhesion and gel methods, are summarized in the paper. Secondly, we carried out a comprehensive study of the object, including analyses of production techniques, patterns, diseases and other testing and detection. The results show that 1) the object was double-layered with silk lace, and the surface was mainly embroidered with flower and bird patterns by non-twist yarn and twist yarn; 2) it was speculated to have been produced in the late 19th or the early 20th century based on the acid azo dye found in the yellow yarn; 3) embroidery threads had good fiber strength, though the fabric was partially decayed, so dust removal could be carried out. Thirdly, dust removal methods were compared using a special museum vacuum cleaner and dust removal equipment with negative pressure and liquid filtration and microfiber fabric. The dust removal method determined is as follows:using a museum special vacuum cleaner for the first preliminary dust removal, followed by the dust removal equipment with negative pressure and liquid filtration for the second fine dust removal. The local parts of the object were classified as satin fabric, cracked fabric, embroidery thread intersection, embroidery pattern edge, the thin gap between embroidery pattern, non-twist yarn embroidery, twist yarn embroidery and seed embroidery, according to the characteristics of the weaving and embroidery, and a study and analysis of the dust removal. Compared with previous studies, the analyses of the object in this study are more specific and in-depth, focusing on the technical characteristics, experimental detection and dust removal techniques. In the dust removal experiments, the dust removal effects were observed with the help of microscopes, which was conducive to the selection of dust removal methods. Before and after dust removal, the color data of each part were compared with the help of a colorimeter to check the effects of dust removal. In the process of dust removal, three-dimensional space structures formed by fiber weaving and embroidery techniques were analyzed. In combination with the characteristics of the dust removal equipment with negative pressure and liquid filtration, the dust removal techniques of different parts are described in detail. In this paper, physical dust removal methods for handed-down textile relics are reviewed. The dust removal methods for embroidered textiles are further analyzed. This work can be used as a reference for the selection and operation of dust removal methods for similar cultural relics in the future.