The silk industry in China has lasted for thousands of years. Having great value in history, art and science, unearthed silk relics recording the brilliant history of China are important elements in the ancient Chinese civilization. However, during excavation and preservation, silk relics are prone to being contaminated by microorganisms, especially mold, and the destruction is terrible and irreversible for silk relics. Investigation of these organisms can help us understand the current situation of contaminated silk relics,and help to find new mold inhibitors. Effective fungicide screening lays a foundation for the conservation of silk relics and the development of mold-prevention technology. Four mold strains were isolated and purified from silk relics in Suzhou Silk Museum and were designated Strains A, D, H and K. Then, the four mold strains were identified by morphological observation and molecular biological methods. In addition, the Oxford cup method was used to determine the activities of four fungicides (IPBC, MIT, BIT and PHMG) as inhibitors of these strains. According to the colony morphological characteristics, conidial morphology in PDA plates and molecular identification results, the four mold strains were classified into three genera, namely Aspergillus, Arthrinium and Cladosporium, of which Cladosporium was the dominant genus causing mold contamination. Strain A was identified as Arthrinium, Strain D as Aspergillus and Strain H and K as Cladosporium. The inhibition test results indicate that different isolates had different sensitivities to the fungicides. The fungicidal circle experiment showed that both MIT and IPBC had strong fungicidal activity against all the four mold strains. MIT had the strongest activity, with EC₅₀ values of 56.2 mg/L, 292.2 mg/L, 190.0 mg/L and 62.7 mg/L, respectively. The second strongest was IPBC, with EC₅₀ values of 250.3 mg/L, 27.5 mg/L, 480.3 mg/L and 997.2 mg/L, respectively. BIT and PHMG had relatively lower activities as inhibitors of the four strains. The present results of this study show that MIT and IPBC were suitable fungicides for inhibiting mold contamination of silk relics. Isolation and identification of these microorganisms could help prevent the growth of mold and provides a reference for the research and development of silk relic conservation.