Introduced in the Han Dynasty and commonly used in the Tang Dynasty, amber had been valued by ancient Chinese people because of its decorative and medicinal properties. In ancient China, amber was mainly imported, so the analysis of amber provenance may reflect the cultural exchanges at that time. So far in China, only privately-collected amber has been identified and no scientific analysis of archaeological amber reported. In our study, through infrared spectral analysis and comparison of the infrared spectra of amber from Fushun, Myanmar and the Baltic region, we found that a red ornament from one Tang Dynasty tomb (AD819) of a low-rank official at Guanghuacun Street in Chengdu was amber which probably came from the Baltic coast and was transferred to Sichuan through ancient Rome and other ancient cultural centers. The use of amber by low-rank officials reflects the prevalence of amber, flourishing international trade and cultural exchanges in the Tang Dynasty.