In order to obtain information about the materials used to make jade artifacts unearthed from the Shang Dynasty tombs at Dingzhou Freight Yard in Dingzhou, we used three kinds of non-destructive optical technology, including X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and laser Raman spectroscopy (Raman), to do scientific analysis. The results provide us with the information of compositions, mineral phases and structures,helping us investigate the sources of jade materials, manufacturing technologies and communications between civilizations. We further explored the level of production of these objects, as well as the social development, economic organization of the people possessing these jade artifacts at that time.