Twelve hairpins, unearthed from the tomb of Empress Xiao of Emperor Sui Yang in Yangzhou in 2013, have been so far identified exactly as a group of hairpins, the owner of which was at the empress level in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. In our study, using a variety of modern analysis methods including X-ray flaw detection,microscopic observation,scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) micro-spectrometry, etc., to test and analyze this set of hairpins, we found the morphological structures, decorative features, material properties and craft characteristics of these hairpins. The results above could provide a scientific basis for in-depth research of women’s hairpins in the Sui and Tang Dynasties in the fields of archaeology, technology history and art history.