The brown pointillist porcelain first appeared at the Jingdezhen Hutian Kiln during the period of Emperor Renzong of the Northern Song Dynasty (AD 1023—1063). The origin of painting technology of the Jingdezhen Hutian Kiln and its influence on the famous under glaze in Jingdezhen after the Yuan Dynasty are the focuses of research. Eight porcelain pillow shards decorated with brown quincunx patterns of the Northern Song Dynasty Jingdezhen Hutian Kiln were selected for study of their chemical composition and the technological characteristics using energy dispersive Xray fluorescence (EDXRF), optical coherence tomography (OCT), stereomicroscopy and automatic high temperature dilatometry. The EDXRF results indicate that the brown patterns of the pillow shards have a homogeneous composition high in ferric oxide (Fe₂O₃) content, relatively high in titanium dioxide (TiO₂), but contain almost no manganese oxide (MnO). The OCT and stereomicroscope analyses reveal that the patterns were painted before glazing. The porcelain body preserved mesh grid marks. Inside the edges, there are traces of joints and reinforcement using mud. These marks suggested that the porcelain pillows were made first on a cloth mold, then assembled together. The bodies vary in firing state, firing temperature and water absorption rate. The brown dots were painted and fixed by a single firing at a temperature of higher than 1100℃ after painting and glazing.