Twentynine protoporcelain samples excavated from the Shigudun site in Tongling, Anhui Province,were analyzed in terms of their body and glaze chemical compositions. The results show that the bodies of the protoporcelain samples has a high silicon but low aluminum content, which could have come from a porcelain raw material that is abundant in southern Anhui. Some porcelain bodies have high Fe₂O₃ and TiO₂ contents. The glazes are typical calcium glazes made at high temperature. The glaze has a high concentration of Mn and P, which could have come from wood and plant ash. Some glazes have high Fe₂O₃ content, which leads to a dark color. This research provides scientific information for the study of protoporcelain in the South Anhui area.