The paper used in calligraphy and painting relics easily grows paperdamaging mildew during the preservation process. the mildew from paper relics was identified by means of molecular biological methods. Aspergillus versicolor, Aspergillus carneus, Penicillium oxalicum, Paecilomyces varioti Bainier, Eurotium rubrum, Penicillium Chrysogenum, and Coprinellus radians were identfied.The study is valuable for planning antimold treatments for the conservation of paper relics.