The Qing Dynasty Xiaobaijiao I Shipwreck, located in the sea near the Yushan Islands, is 26 nautical miles away from Shipu Town, Xiangshan Country, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province. It was discovered in 2008 and it was planned that it would be fully excavated in 2014. In order to determine its characteristics, investigate the shipbuilding technology and draw up a conservation program, 19 samples were taken from every part of the shipwreck, including the keel, rib, bulkhead, hull etc., and sent out for tree species identification. The results show that the Xiaobaijiao I is constructed mostly of hardwoods such as Dipterocarpaceae, Verbenaceae and Sapotaceae. These trees usually grow in the tropical areas of Southeast Asia and are rarely found growing in China. The timbers used on the Xiaobaijiao I are unlike those on archaeologicallyimportant ancient ships previously found, and the identification of the wood provides useful information for conservation work after excavation.