Aiming to investigate the impact of various inlet airflow patterns on the microenvironment of exhibition cabinets in museums, this study used Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to simulate the airflow and temperature field for horizontal and vertical cabinets with downsupply downreturn air flows. The results show that the inlet pattern in downsupply downreturn cabinets feature both economy of energy and effective mixing, as well as good dispersion within the cabinet. When the air inlet was in the middle, in cabinets with long orientations, the air could mix thoroughly and meet design requirements. When the inlet was located on the wide orientation, a low airflow rate could disperse in the entire space fairly well, resulting in sufficient air circulation. However, when there was a heat source in the case, simply increasing the air flow rate was not sufficient to reduce the temperature inside effectively. The air flow pattern in this situation needs to be further investigated.