Yangshao painted potteries excavated at the Dagujie site in Hengshan County were analyzed in order to determine the region of production, firing technology and technological and cultural exchange, Xray fluorescence (XRF) and thermodilatometry were used on pottery fragment samples to measure the chemical composition and firing temperature. Some samples were also tested for compressive strength using a material testing machine. The results reveal that the clay is collected locally and that the potteries are consumed locally. The pottery has relatively high Al₂O_3content; its reddish surface is due to a high Fe₂O_3content. The firing temperature is about 950~1050℃. This research result provides important information that will be useful for further conservation and restoration.