Moss, algae and mold were found growing on colored paintings in two tombs of the Southern Tang Dynasty, covering and corroding a large area of the original fine bright colored painting. The moss, algae and mold growing in these two Southern Tang tombs were gathered, isolated and purified. Based on colony morphology and microscopic examination, these moss, algae and mold specimens were tentatively identified. The results suggested that mold includes R. nigricans, A.candidus, P.echinulatum Raper and others; mosses are species of Totula and Trichostomum; algae are Lyngbya species. The study is valuable for planning anti-algae and anti-mold treatments and for in-site conservation of tomb paintings.