Tomb M29 at Hanjiawan Village, Changan District, Xian, is a typical brick grave, composing a long sloping passage, alcoves, courtyard, doors, corridors and the brick burial chamber. Its murals are found between the passage and the corridor, depict dragons, tigers, attendants etc., and enrich understanding of murals in the tombs of the middle to late Tang Dynasty. In preparation for protection of the murals, Xray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopeenergy dispersive Xray (SEMEDX) and MicroRaman spectroscopy was used to analyze the structures and pigments of the murals. Results showed that to paint the murals, a layer of earth mixed with grass was first applied to the walls, which was then covered with a layer of lime, onto which the mural was painted. The major color is black, for which carbon black was used as colorant.