Microscratch archaeology is a technology utilizing microscopic observations and technical analysis of natural microscratch traces left by humans and other animals that can help to explain the behavioral patterns of mankind and animal, their living environment, and other phenomena in buried cultural sites. As a technology, it has been applied extensively to the preservation of Chinese cultural relics. Microscratch archaeology is supplementary to traditional archaeology and conservation with aspects of to the direction, method of working and its outcome and thus it makes archaeological studies more comprehensive and scientific by presenting a range of information from micro to macro, from experimental to theoretical and from local to general. Microscrath archaeology has developed rapidly in China in recent year. Its professional teams have expanded, research concepts and experiment technology have progressed and work areas have widened. In recent years，microscratch archaeology has led to great achievements, such as the discovery of the earliest traces of human poking behavior, the earliest human skinning and slaughtering techniques, scratching patterns, etc. It has also borne fruitful results in research on the production and identification of jade, stone usage traces and regional cultural characteristics. The appearance and development of microscratch archaeology is rooted in archaeological science. With the advent of modern technology, archaeology's research ideas, analytical techniques and other aspects of cognitive depth are undergoing profound changes.