To obtain information on the mural painting layers and the pigments ever used in Fuxi Temple, Tianshui,Gansu province,six samples were examined by polarized light microscopy (PLM),crosssectioning, Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy with an attached energydispersive spectrometer.The results show that pigments used are all derived from minerals.The mostused pigments are green,white,red,blue，etc.The green pigments are manmade copper trihydroxychlorides,the whites are calcite,the reds are cinnabar and red lead,and the blues are Lapis Lazuli.