An organicinorganic mortar can be created by adding organic materials to lime mortars and tabia. Blood based mortar is one of the most important representative formulations among the ancient Chinese organicinorganic mortars. It reflects not only a distinctive feature of traditional Chinese crafts, but also the scientific level of the construction technology at that time. The history of use of bloodmaterial mortar can be traced back 2200years, to the ground plaster used in building the Qin (B.C.221~ 206) Xianyang Palace, which consisted of pig blood, lime and a kind of stone named ginger rock. This bloodbased mortar was used primarily as the ground layer of decorative oil paintings, lacquer ware, etc. It is generally believed that the widest use of blood based material as a ground layer of decorative oil paintings and oil paint was in the Qing Dynasty (A.D.1644~1911), while its use in lacquerware starts no later than the Ming Dynasty (A.D.1368 1644). The method for preparing bloodbased mortar, which originates in the Qin consists of rubbing, filtering, adding limewater, and stirring. The ultimate product is jellylike. It can be used directly, or it can be first prepared with lime and then put into use. Nowadays the analysis and detection of the blood products in mortars is based primarily on the detection of the proteins in the mortars. The detection methods include Kjeldahl determination, spectroscopic analysis, chromatographic study, mass spectrometric method, Folinphenol method and ELISA method, etc. Animal blood exerts many effects on mortars, including foaming, water reduction, improved viscosity, waterproofing, decrease of roughness, anticracking, etc. This article also discusses the effective mechanisms of bloodbased mortar. The foaming effect comes from the proteins contained in the animal blood, especially the hemoglobin which has a great solubility and makes a perfect foaming agent.The water reducing effect is due to the anionic and hydrophilic groups of the blood proteins enhancing the dispersion of particles in the mortar, thus releases the free water in the flocculated structure. The improved viscosity due to the blood protein is probably caused by the ion crosslinking of calcium, carbonate and hydroxyl ions in the alkaline environment created by the lime. Waterproofing results from chemical bonds formed by the hydroxyl, amino and carboxyl groups, etc. Finally, the mixture of blood materials and tung oil forms channelstructured membrane, thus improves roughness and reduces cracking Apart from bloodbased mortars, the ancient Chinese organicinorganic mortars also utilized eggwhites, sticky rice, brown sugar and tung oil, etc. These mortars, like bloodbased mortar, also had excellent properties and functions. In many cases, all five natural organic compounds (egg white, blood, sticky rice, brown sugar and tung oil) are mixed up with one another to form integrated mortars. The overall objective was to learn more about the scientific basis and limitations of bloodmaterial mortars to aid in historical building restoration and protection.