The chemical compositions of the clay from excavated pottery, raw materials and semi-finished products from the Pingtou site, as well as soil samples around the site, were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Through principal component analysis of the data by SPSS18.0, it was deduced that the clay material composition of various types of pottery is the same, although with slight differences in the concentration of calcium. The clay raw materials used to make the pottery were dug from the red soil layers near the site. The Pingtou site was an ancient local pottery production site.