清水砖墙无损排盐技术及效果评估—以香港牛棚艺术村PB 570为例
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(同济大学,上海200092) 周永强 (香港新高建材工程有限公司,九龙,香港) 朱尚有, 张德兵 (上海德赛堡建筑材料有限公司,上海201705)

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戴仕炳(1963—),男,2009年毕业于德国Justus Liebig University Giessen,德国自然科学博士,2007年12月起任职同济大学建筑与城市规划学院,教授,博士研究生导师,主要从事历史建筑诊断、保护修复技术等研究与教学工作,Email:dsbuild@163.com

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同济大学教育部重点实验室基金资助、国家科技支撑计划资助(2012BAC11B012)


Nondestructive desalination of historic fairfaced brick facade and effectiveness control an example of the restoration work at PB 570Cattle Depot Artists Village, Hong Kong
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(Tongji University, Shanghai 200092,China) CHOW Wingkeung (Sunglow Supplies & Engineering Ltd. Hong Kong, Unit 2401A, 24/F., Parkin Comm. Centre, 56Dundas Street, Mongkok, Kowloon, H.K.,China)ZHU Shangyou, ZHANG Debing (Shanghai DS Building Materials Co.,Ltd., No 102, Xubei Road Huaxin Town Qingpu District Shanghai CN 201705)

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    摘要:

    清水砖墙为中国近现代历史建筑最重要的装饰面层,但是几乎所有的清水墙均遭受不同程度的水溶盐危害,其修复过程中,重要的手段之一是在尽最大可能地保留历史材料的前提下排除掉这些盐分。采用离子色谱分析方法,通过对香港牛棚艺术村PB 570标段的排盐前后粘土砖中的水溶盐含量分析、不同批次排演灰浆中水溶盐含量跟踪说明,敷贴灰浆法可以有效地排除大部分盐分。其中溶解性能比较高的Cl-、NO-3可以只经过一次处理,其含量就可以由“严重”降低到中等至轻微,而溶解性能比较低的SO2-4则需要2~3次的处理。

    Abstract:

    The fairfaced brick facade is one of the most important finishes found in contemporary historic buildings in China. Unlike most monuments or historic sites, those buildings are still utilized or need to be restored to provide new functions. However, almost all fairfaced brick facades are moderately to highly contaminated with watersoluble salts, which may come from rising dampness, airborne pollution, wrong repair materials (like cement) or the historical materials themselves due to chemical weathering. The traditional method in China to deal with such saltcontaminated brick stones has been to replace all of them with new stones. However, recently more effort has been made to nondestructively removing those salts in order to reuse them to meet the international guidelines for heritage conservation, and also because of ecological considerations. One of the effective methods for removing watersoluble salts is the so called “poulticing”. To understand the nature of salt contamination and the effectiveness of such poulticing technologies under sub tropical climate , studies were carried out at PB570, Cattle Depot Artists Village, 63Ma Tau Kok Road,To Kwa Wan, Hong Kong, which is undergoing restoration. Watersoluble salts on bricks before and after desalination, dry poultices of each desalination procedure were analyzed with the help of ion chromatography. The applied poultice was a mixture of cellulose, clay minerals and minor amounts of additives, but no organic or inorganic binders. The Cl-,NO-3,SO2-4, contents of dust samples before desalination fall into the high range category according to WTA Code of Practice 4599/D. After three desalination procedures, the concentration of all salts of bricks fell into the low range. These results demonstrate that a specially formulated poultice based on cellulose and clays can effectively remove most watersoluble salts. Restoration of the entire facade includes dentist repairing, rebuilding, reprofiling, repointing with NHLmortar, impregnation with water repellants, and reinstallation of the rising damp barrier with the help of chemical injection.

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  • 收稿日期:2012-03-22
  • 最后修改日期:2012-04-04
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  • 在线发布日期: 2013-05-20
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