甘肃武威磨咀子出土汉代木牛车抢救性复原修复
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(甘肃省博物馆文物保护修复中心,甘肃兰州 730050)

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陈庚龄(1971—),男,甘肃天水人,1996年毕业于华北工学院,现于甘肃省博物馆从事文物修复与保护研究,副研究员,兰州市西津西路3号 730050,E mail:690161262@qq.com

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Salvage restoration of rotted, wooden Han Dynasty oxcarts unearthed at Mozuizi in Wuwei,China
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(Gansu Provincial Museum,Lanzhou 730050,China)

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    摘要:

    甘肃武威出土的汉代木牛车,两轮巨大,造型简约、独特,是河西走廊乃至西域特有样式。器物因受埋藏环境和保存环境影响,具有糟朽木器的典型特征,车体结构因腐蚀严重而坍塌散架,木质收缩变形,车轮残损、残缺,车辕、车轴断裂,车軨、车軧残失,车毂及附属部件酥解、粉化,以致无法组合成形。为此,对这批木牛车实施了抢救性复原修复。修复工作采用考古出土的汉代棺板木作为修复材料,使用棺板木木屑及聚醋酸乙烯乳液混合物用于补全、补缺和外观做旧;回收利用老化的竹签条或棉签棒对车辐进行了复原;采用滴管渗透的方法,使用PB72的乙酸丁酯或丙酮试剂对糟朽部件实施加固;最后,采用器物原始的铆眼套合技术,使木牛车历史原貌得到复原,修复效果良好。本工作可为其后糟朽木器的修复提供科学可行的材料和技术。

    Abstract:

    Rotted wooden Han Dynasty oxcarts having two huge wheels with a simple,special design characteristic of the Hexi corridor and the western ancient China were unearthed at Mozuizi in Wuwei.Due to their burial and the environment,they have characteristics typical of rotten wood:the body structure has fallen into pieces due to severe corrosion;the wood is shrunken and distorted;wheels are damaged and incomplete;the shaft and axle are broken;ling and di are missing;gu and accessories are highly degraded and powdered.It is impossible to reconstruct the whole piece.Therefore,salvage restoration of these oxcarts was executed.Han Dynasty coffin wood from archaeological sites was used as repair materials.Small pieces of coffin wood treated with polyvinyl acetate (CH2CH OCOCH3)n were used to replace missing parts,and a worn look was achieved.Recycled,aged bamboo sticks were used to restore the axle.Using a dripping and penetrating method,PB72 in ethyl acetate or acetone was applied to consolidate degraded parts.The original apprearance of the cart was achieved by following ancient mortise paring techniques.The results of this restoration are satisfactory.The work demonstrates how suitable materials and technology can be used for restoration of rotten wood.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2019-07-16
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