The excavation of agricultural tools, animal bones, crop remains and human bones from the Heishui State Han tombs provides important evidence for understanding the socio-economic and agricultural development of Zhangye region in Hexi Corridor during the Han-Jin period. Based on the identification results of animal bones and crop remains, and carbon and nitrogen isotopic analysis results of human bone collagen, the food structure and subsistence patterns of the population in Heishui State during the Han-Jin period can be revealed. The excavated crops include millet, broomcorn millet and rice, and the accompanying burial animals consist of chickens, pigs, sheep, cattle, dogs and horses. The stable carbon isotopes of collagen from human bones mainly exhibit a mixed signal of C₃ and C₄ plants with some showing only a C₃ or C₄ signal. Additionally, stable nitrogen isotope values are relatively higher compared to those of domestic herbivores such as cattle and sheep. Based on comprehensive research, it is evident that during the Han-Jin period, a mixed agricultural mode of wheat, millet, and beans was developed in Hexi Corridor, indicating diverse food sources of the ancient people in Heishui State during the Han Dynasties. Additionally, animal husbandry thrived in Hexi Corridor at that time, providing abundant meat resources for consumption by the population and resulting in a higher intake of protein.