早期白瓷的界定与起源问题综述
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(1.中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所古陶瓷研究中心,上海 201899;2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049;3.古陶瓷多元信息提取技术及应用文化和旅游部重点实验室(中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所),上海 201899;4.古陶瓷科学研究国家文物局重点科研基地(中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所),上海 201899;5.河北省文物考古研究院,河北石家庄 050033)

作者简介:

宗若菲(1998—),女,中国科学院大学硕士研究生,研究方向为陶瓷科技考古,E-mail: Zongrf13@foxmail.com 通信作者:鲁晓珂(1982—),男,高级工程师,中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所古陶瓷研究中心,E-mail: luxiaoke@mail.sic.ac.cn

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国家自然科学基金项目(52072384)资助,国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1520202)资助


Review on the definition and origin of early white porcelain
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(1. Ancient Ceramic Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201899, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. Key Laboratory of the Comprehensive Analysis Technology for Ancient Ceramics and its Application (Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Shanghai 201899, China;4. Key Scientific Research Base of Ancient Ceramics (Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences), National Cultural Heritage Administration, Shanghai 201899, China;5. Hebei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Shijiazhuang 050033, China)

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    摘要:

    白瓷的出现打破了青瓷一统天下的局面,并为后世颜色釉瓷的烧制奠定了基础,被誉为中国古陶瓷工艺发展过程中的“第四里程碑”,但是长期以来白瓷的起源问题悬而未决。早期白瓷是处于白瓷创烧时期的过渡品种,釉色介于青和白之间呈不均匀分布,因此如何科学界定“早期白瓷”直接关系到白瓷起源问题的研究。为此,本研究在梳理早期白瓷相关研究的基础上,结合考古发现与科学研究现状,重点分析了目前关于古代陶瓷釉面白度科技研究中存在的问题,提出应统一采用轻工行业标准中日用陶瓷白度的测定方法来计算古代陶瓷的白度,使得今后不同研究者之间公布的白度数据可以互相比较;并提出利用白度、化学组成、烧制工艺等参数作为区分早期白瓷与青瓷的重要指标,这为研究白瓷起源提供了新的方法和思路。

    Abstract:

    Known as the “fourth milestone” in the development of ancient Chinese ceramics, the emergence of white porcelain broke the dominance of celadon and laid a foundation for the firing of color-glazed porcelain in later generations. However, the question of the origin of white porcelain has long been unresolved. Early white porcelain with uneven color distribution between blue and white is a transitional variety during the period when white porcelain was created. Therefore, scientifically defining “early white porcelain” has a direct bearing on the study of the origin of white porcelain. On the basis of related research on early white porcelain, we analyzed the problems in the scientific research on the whiteness of ancient ceramic glazes and suggested that the test method for whiteness of domestic ceramics in the light industry standard should be adopted to calculate the whiteness of ancient ceramics, so that the whiteness data published by different researchers can be compared with one another. In addition, it was proposed to use parameters of chromaticity, raw materials and firing processes as important indicators to distinguish early white porcelain from celadon, which provides new methods and ideas for the study of the origin of white porcelain.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-09-02
  • 最后修改日期:2021-10-13
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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-11-08
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