Clay used as the raw material for pottery, and unfired pottery billets were found at the Guanzhuang Site in Xingyang, Henan province. This excavation provides precious research materials for the study of Zhongyuan (the central plains of China) pottery-making technologies used after the middle of the Western Zhou Dynasty. In this study, we analyzed some raw materials and pottery billets using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods, and conducted re-sintering experiments on the clay in a muffle furnace. The experiments show that the iron content of the pottery raw materials from the Guanzhuang Site is high, with some iron minerals such as magnetite precipitating during firing, and that the pottery color is deep. In addition, the homogeneity of the phases and the clustering features of the chemical compositions between the raw materials and the potteries of the same period indicate the local characteristics of pottery production. This work provides basic information on pottery-making technologies from the late Western Zhou Dynasty to the early Spring and Autumn Period.