Our study samples, bought and collected at the Jingdezhen Morning Market, were famille-rose porcelains or broken shards of various periods. An Eagle Ⅲ-type energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometer was employed to analyze the primary and secondary chemical compositions of the famille-rose porcelain samples of different periods. In addition, we compared the similarities and differences in their chemical compositions using multivariate statistical analysis methods. The analytical results support the conclusion that Jingdezhen famille-rose porcelains were born in the reign of Kangxi, matured and culminated respectively in the reigns of Yongzheng and Qianlong, but then receded gradually. We also made some inferences: 1) the pigment formulas of famille-rose porcelains from imperial and folk kilns were statistically different during the reigns of Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong; 2) the famille-rose pigment formula was inherited and also innovated during the Minguo period; 3) the purple color of early famille-rose porcelains was mixed with red, blue and green colors.