The Temple of Preah Vihear, a UNESCO World Heritage Site along with Angkor Wat Temple, was constructed on the top of the Pey Tadimountain as a monastic hermitage. It was a holy place and later became not only a sanctuary, but also a pilgrimage destination. The temple of Preah Vihear is the most spectacular of the stone temples built during the sixcenturylong Khmer Empire. For over a thousand years, the temple suffered from various natural environmental and manmade damages. The site has faced serious problems, including deformation. Some parts of the temple have already collapsed and other parts are tilted and could collapse at any time. A survey report was prepared that includes data on the natural topographical environment and the state of preservation. The mechanism of deformation of the building structures was analyzed. Finally, proposals for their conservation and restoration were proposed. This study is valuable as a plan of action for the preservation of the Preah Vihear Temple.