The Shenzhen Museum has collected a large number of polychrome wood carvings from the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Most of them have been made from Chinese cedar (Phoebe Zhennanin) and camphor wood. The woodcarvings have dense growth rings and a fine, smooth texture, rendering them resistant to deformation or cracking. These polychromes share some typical features of the wood carvings of the South China and are of significant value for collection and research purposes. However, due to the influence of all kinds of natural and human factors, many of these carvings have been affected by problems such as cracking, insect infestation, wood degradation, flaking and detachment of the paint layers, etc., warranting urgent conservation treatment. This work is based on the investigation and analysis of each specific type of damage and its cause. The condition of wood preservation is also considered before initiating treatment. The best treatment plan, including selection of materials and conservation technique, is selected based on experimental results. After treatment, wood carvings are intact, morphological stable and showed minimal colour change. The results are very good and serve as examples for the conservation of similar ancient polychrome wood carvings.