不同加热温度豆浆水在宣纸中的应用效果研究
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(1.首都博物馆保护科技与传统技艺研究部,“北京文博文物科技保护研究与运用”北京市重点实验室,北京 100045;2.西北大学文化遗产学院,文化遗产研究与保护技术教育部重点实验室,陕西西安 710069;3.北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院,北京 100029)

作者简介:

何秋菊(1982—),女,首都博物馆副研究馆员,西北大学文化遗产学院在职博士生,E-mail: keke8862@163.com

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北京市科委课题资助(Z161100002416020),北京市优秀人才培养计划资助(2014000020044G003)


Application of soybean water with different heating temperatures to Xuan paper
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(1. Department of conservation technology and traditional skills, Key Laboratory of Beijing cultural relics and museums sci-tec protection research and application, Capital Museum, Beijing 100045, China;2. College of Cultural Heritage, Key Laboratory of Culture Heritage Research and Conservation (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710069, China;3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China)

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    摘要:

    为了对比不同加热温度豆浆水在宣纸中的应用效果,分别制备25 ℃生豆浆水,50 ℃、80 ℃半熟豆浆水,95 ℃的熟豆浆水涂刷于宣纸表面,考察豆浆水处理宣纸前后的pH值、抗墨滴晕散性能,老化前后的色差、耐折度及抗张强度变化,对比生熟豆浆水及胶矾水对绘画常用国画颜料朱膘、花青、藤黄等的呈色效果,并用扫描电镜(SEM)与衰减全反射红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)研究豆浆水与纤维结合的微观形貌及化学键合情况。结果表明,不同浓度的生熟豆浆水处理宣纸后,pH值均呈现弱碱性。样品抗墨滴晕散性能由大到小排序依次为:80 ℃半熟豆浆水>95 ℃熟豆浆水>50 ℃半熟豆浆水>25 ℃生豆浆水。在热老化中胶矾水及豆浆水样品均逐渐泛黄,胶矾水的泛黄程度大于豆浆水。经过加热的豆浆水处理宣纸的耐折度、抗张强度均好于生豆浆水。豆浆水施胶后,不仅包覆了纤维,在纤维之间还产生交联,促进了两者之间的结合;ATR-FTIR表明随着温度增加,油脂从大豆中分离,多糖分解转化为小分子糖类。豆浆水的大豆蛋白可与纸纤维形成氢键,从而提高了纸张的抗水性。可见,豆浆水在书画修复中的应用具有深刻的科学内涵。

    Abstract:

    The properties of soybean water vary according to temperature. In order to compare the effects of soybean water heated to different temperatures on Xuan paper, soybean water of 25 ℃, 50 ℃, 80 ℃ and 95 ℃ respectively was prepared and applied to the surfaces of Xuan paper. Various properties of Xuan paper such as pH value, resistance to ink blending, color difference induced by thermal aging, folding resistance and tensile strength were compared before and after soybean water sizing. In addition, the influence of alum-gelatin solution and soybean water on traditional Chinese painting pigments such as scarlet red, anthocyanin and gamboge etc., were investigated in terms of color saturation and hue. The microstructure of paper fibers and chemical bonding between soybean water and paper fibers were revealed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The results show that 1) Xuan paper treated with soybean water is weakly alkaline regardless of the soybean water heating temperature; 2) Xuan paper treated with soybean water of 80 ℃, 95 ℃, 50 ℃ and 25 ℃ has resistance to ink blending in descending order; 3) Xuan paper treated with either alum-gelatin solution or soybean water turns yellow during thermal aging, but yellowing is less with soybean water; 4) Xuan paper treated with heated soybean water has better performance in folding resistance and tensile strength test; 5) soybean water not only encases the fibers of Xuan paper, but also consolidates the structure by crosslinking the fibers; 6) temperature rise causes oil to separate from soybeans and polysaccharide decompose into monosaccharide; 7) soybean protein forms hydrogen bonds with paper fiber, thus improving the water resistance of paper. Therefore, soybean water could play a remarkable role in the repairing and restoration of calligraphy and painting.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-05-15
  • 最后修改日期:2018-06-27
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  • 在线发布日期: 2019-05-13
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