Several experimental methods including Raman, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were used to analyze the two black potteries of the Western Han Dynasty excavated from the tombs in the Shuanglong District of Lu’an. We found that the black layer was applied evenly on the outer surface of the pottery body. The black layer was made from carbon black and raw lacquer. The results are important for the understanding of the craftsmanship of black pottery.