从蟠虺纹簠的分析结果看青铜器修复非遗技艺
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(故宫博物院,北京 100009)

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宋建祥(1990—),男,2017年硕士毕业于北京工业大学凝聚态物理专业,研究方向为金属类文物的修复与保护研究,E-mail: songjianxiang@dpm.org.cn 通信作者:雷 勇,博士,研究馆员,研究方向为文物分析、文物保护材料分析等,E-mail: leiyong@dpm.org.cn

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故宫博物院院课题(KT2021-14)资助


Technical study of bronze restoration from analysis of a snake-patterned Fu
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(The Palace Museum, Beijing 100009, China)

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    摘要:

    故宫藏蟠虺纹簠是一件战国时期青铜器。借助X射线影像技术、X射线荧光技术、X射线衍射技术和激光拉曼光谱仪、紫外荧光照相技术和显微红外光谱仪对蟠虺纹簠内部伤况、锈蚀物相和锈蚀层次、蟠虺纹簠原修复痕迹、断口疑似“胶状物”等进行了科技检测。结果表明:蟠虺纹簠原破损严重,基体成分为铜锡铅合金,锈蚀物相主要为黑铜矿、赤铜矿和孔雀石。原修复材料中使用的有机物为虫胶,做旧中使用了硫酸钡、硫化锌、碳酸钙、铅铬黄、群青、巴黎绿和氯铜矿等颜料。最后,基于对蟠虺纹簠的研究,对“京派”青铜器修复技艺的特点进行了说明,蟠虺纹簠原修复技艺与故宫博物院传统青铜器修复技艺相差不大,应均属于“京派”青铜器修复技艺范畴。

    Abstract:

    There is a snake-patterned bronze Fu from the Warring States Period in the Forbidden City. It was mainly used as a utensil for serving millet, rice and beans during sacrifices and banquets. With the help of X-radiography, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, X-ray diffraction and laser Raman spectrometry, ultraviolet fluorescence photography and micro-infrared spectrometry, we carried out scientific testing on the internal injury conditions, rust phases and rust levels of the flat line, the original repair traces and the suspected “jelly” fractures, etc. The results show that the snake-patterned Fu had been severely damaged. The matrix composition was a copper-tin-lead alloy, and the main corrosion phases were black copper ore, cuprite and malachite. The organic substance used in the original restoration material was shellac, and antique finishes such as barium sulfate, zinc sulfide, calcium carbonate, lead-chrome yellow, ultramarine blue, Paris green and atacamite were used. Finally, based on the study of the snake pattern, the characteristics of the “Beijing-style” bronze restoration technique are explained. The original restoration technique for the snake-patterned Fu is not much different from the traditional bronze restoration technique of the Palace Museum, which should belong to the category of “Beijing-style” bronze restoration technique.

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宋建祥,高飞,吕团结,雷勇.从蟠虺纹簠的分析结果看青铜器修复非遗技艺[J].文物保护与考古科学,2023,35(2):52-61.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-09-22
  • 最后修改日期:2022-07-26
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  • 在线发布日期: 2023-04-18
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